What does the term "alien insurer" indicate about a company?

The term "alien insurer" specifically refers to an insurance company that is incorporated or organized in a foreign country but operates in a different country. In the context of insurance, "alien" denotes the geographical status of the insurer, indicating that its headquarters are outside the jurisdiction in which it conducts business. This is contrasted with domestic insurers, which operate within their home country, and foreign insurers, which are based in one jurisdiction but operate in another. Thus, the identification of an insurer as "alien" is directly tied to its foreign incorporation, making the option referring to headquarters in a foreign country the correct interpretation.